Author: exoplanetkyo

Kapteyn’s b

Kapteyn’s b is located 12.8 light-years (3.91 parsecs) from our solar system and was discovered in 2014 orbiting its host star Kapteyn’s. The apparent magnitude of the host star is 18.8 and the absolute magnitude is 10.8. Kapteyn’s is about 0.3 the mass of our sun and has about 0.3 the radius. Its surface temperature is 3550 K and is a spectral dM1 type star. The planet Kapteyn’s b orbits the star every 48.6 days, its orbital radius is 0.17 SEAU.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For more information on Kapteyn’s b, please visit the ExoKyoto Database:

http://www.exoplanetkyoto.org/exohtml/Kapteyn’s_bJP.html

Wolf 1061 c

Wolf 1061 c is located 14.0 light-years (4.29 parsecs) from our solar system and was discovered in 2015 orbiting its host star Wolf 1061. The apparent magnitude of the host star is 10.1 and the absolute magnitude is 11.9. Wolf 1061 is about 0.2 the mass of our sun and has about 0.3 the radius. Its surface temperature is 3342 K and is a spectral M3V type star. The planet Wolf 1061 c orbits the star every 17.9 days, its orbital radius is 0.09 SEAU.

For more information on Wolf 1061 c, please visit the ExoKyoto Database:

http://www.exoplanetkyoto.org/exohtml/Wolf_1061_cJP.html

tau Cet e

tau Cet e is located 11.9 light-years (3.95 parsecs) from our solar system and was discovered in 2012 orbiting its host star tau Cet. The apparent magnitude of the host star is 3.5 and the absolute magnitude is 5.7. tau Cet is about 0.8 the mass of our sun and has about 0.8 the radius. Its surface temperature is 5344 K and is a spectral G8.5V type star. The planet tau Cet e orbits the star every 162.9 days, its orbital radius is 0.54 SEAU

 

For more information on tau Cet e, please visit the ExoKyoto Database: 

http://www.exoplanetkyoto.org/exohtml/tau_Cet_eJP.html

K2-3c

K2-3 c is located 137 light-years (42 parsecs) from our solar system and was discovered in 2015 orbiting its host star K2-3. The apparent magnitude of the host star is 12.2 and the absolute magnitude is 9.1. K2-3 is about 0.6 the mass of our sun and has about 0.6 the radius. Its surface temperature is 3951 K and is a spectral M0.0V type star. The planet K2-3 c orbits the star every 24.6 days, it’s orbital radius is 0.1 SEAU.

K2-3d

(Imaginary Image of K2-3d Fuka Takagi, Hina Bando & Yosuke A. Yamashiki)

K2-3 (also called EPIC 201367065) is an M-type star with a surface temperature of 3951 K, and a mass and radius about 0.6 times that of our sun. It is located about 147 light years from the Earth. The K2 mission (the second mission by the Kepler Space Telescope) observed the star for any transiting planets present. The mission reported the existence of three planets in 2015, and additional observations have been made, as well as published papers in an attempt to determine the planetary parameters with MUSCAT and other instruments using the Okayama 188cm telescope.

The two closest planets that were discovered, K2-3b and K2-3c have radii of 2.1 and 1.7 times that of the Earth, respectively, and orbital periods of 10.1 and 24.6 days around the host star. They are classified as super-Earths, which are defined as planets with masses and radii several times that of the Earth.

The third planet discovered, K2-3d, has an orbital period of 44.6 days with a radius 1.51 times that of Earth. It is located at 0.21 AU, which is much closer to its host star than the distance between our sun and Earth (1 AU). However, because the star is much cooler than our own sun, K2-3d is classified as being near the inner boundary of the habitable zone.

The researchers of the paper believe that K2-3d could be located at the boundary between where rocky planets similar to Earth exist and slightly larger planets rich in volatile elements, so it is a possibility that liquid water could be present on the surface.

(Yuta Notsu)

Journal Articles:

1.) Spitzer Observations of Exoplanets Discovered with The Kepler K2 Mission

2.) GROUND-BASED TRANSIT OBSERVATION OF THE HABITABLE-ZONE SUPER-EARTH K2-3D

 

WEB Articles:

1.) Potentially habitable super-Earth K2-3d observed transiting parent star

2.) Timing the Shadow of a Potentially Habitable Extrasolar Planet Paves the Way to Search for Alien Life

3.) K2-3d: Ground-Based Telescope Observes Super-Earth Transiting Bright Star

K2-9b

During the K2 Kepler Mission, 31 stars were discovered that potentially had 36 orbiting planets. After extensive observations using automatic transit analysis, 21 exoplanets, including 17 new discoveries, were confirmed to be real planets, including K2-9b. K2-9b is a M2.5 ± 0.5, 110 ± 12 pc dwarf star with a radius of 2.25 (+0.53-0.96) R⊕ and an orbital period of 18.4498 days. The temperature of K2-9b is estimated to be less than 500 K, which means that the exoplanet receives about the same amount of solar radiation as the Earth. However, according to readings from the ultraviolet space telescope GALEX, UV radiation from its host star is strong enough to affect the planet’s atmosphere and it is improbable that the environment would be hospitable to life. There is still a lot to learn about this exoplanet, especially because it has a low temperature and is around the size of Earth or Neptune.

(Nami Kimura)
References:
Two Small Temperate Planets Transiting Nearby M Dwarfs in K2 Campaigns 0 and 1
Schlieder, Joshua E et al.
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 818, Issue 1, article id. 87, 15 pp. (2016).
Pub Date: February 2016