Imaginary Picture of Kepler-18 c

Display orbital revolution of Kepler-18 c around the hoststar Kepler-18
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Exoplanet Name : Kepler-18 c
Alternate Name : "2MASS J19521906+4444467 c, GSC 03149-02089 c, K00137.01, KIC 8644288 c, KOI-137 c, KOI-137.01, WISE J195219.06+444446.6
Status : Confirmed
Radius (Rjup / Re): 0.4900 (Rjup) 5.4924 (Rearth)
Mass (Mjup / Me): 0.0540 (Mjup) 17.1687 (Mearth)
Semi Major Axis / Orbital Distance Calculated 0.0752 (AU) 0.0752 (AU Est.)
Eccentricity : 0.0000
Orbital Period(Yrs) 0.0209
Orbital Period(Observed/Estimated) 7.64 (Days Obs.) 7.65 (Days Est.)
Surface Gravity (G Earth) 0.5691
Star Radiation at Atmospheric Boundary: 161915.1 (W/m2)
Measured Temperature (K) 0.0 (K)
Blackbody T 0.1(K) 895.3 (K)
Blackbody T 0.3(K) 840.8 (K)
Blackbody T 0.7(K) 680.3 (K)
Tidally Locked Blackbody T 0.1(K) 1064.7 (K)
Tidally Locked Blackbody T 0.3(K) 999.9 (K)
Size Class: sub-Jupiter-size
Mass Class:
Detection Type : Primary Transit
Mass Detection :
Radius Detection :
Habitability by Solar Eq. Astronomical Unit: Not habitable
Habitability by Kopparapu: Not habitable
Star Name : Kepler-18
Alternate Name : "2MASS J19521906+4444467, GSC 03149-02089, KIC 8644288, KOI-137, WISE J195219.06+444446.6"
Star Distance(LY) : 1411.9
Stellar Radius(Rsun) : 0.9 (Rsun Measured)
Stellar Mass(Msun) : 1.0 (Msun Measured) 1.0 (Msun Estimated)
Star Age : 10.0 (GY)
Temperature : 5441 (K)
Spectral type : G7
UV portion[%]: 6.6
Visible portion[%]: 42.8
IR portion[%]: 50.6
Metalicity : 0.2
Absolute Magnitude: 5.8
Apparent Magnitude: 14.0
Right Ascension(RA) 298.0794
Declination (DEC) 44.7463
Hubble Space Telescope Guide Star Catalog (GSC) ID 03149-02089
Discovered by
Discovery Paper - Authors CUTRI R.M.; SKRUTSKIE M.F.; VAN DYK S.; BEICHMAN C.A.; CARPENTER J.M.; CHESTER T.; CAMBRESY L.; EVANS T.; FOWLER J.; GIZIS J.; HOWARD E.; HUCHRA J.; JARRETT T.; KOPAN E.L.; KIRKPATRICK J.D.; LIGHT R.M.; MARSH K.A.; McCALLON H.; SCHNEIDER S.; STIENING R.; SYKES M.; WEINBERG M.; WHEATON W.A.; WHEELOCK S.; ZACARIAS N.
Discovery Paper - Title 2MASS All Sky Catalog of point sources.
Discovery Paper - Journal 0
Discovery Paper - URL 0
SIMBAD LINK http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=Kepler-18+&submit=SIMBAD+search
Open Exoplanet Database Link http://www.openexoplanetcatalogue.com/planet/Kepler-18%20c/
Kepler-18 c
Kepler-18 c

  • Kepler-18 c is an exoplanet orbiting the star Kepler-18, located about 1411.9 light-years (432.9 pc) away from Solar System. Its discovery was publicly announced on 2011.
  • The host star Kepler-18 has apparent magnitude of 14.0, with absolute magnitude of 5.8.
  • It is 1.0 times more massive and 0.9 times bigger compared with our Sun. The surface temperature is 5441 with its spectral types of G7
  • In this planetary system, the extrasolar planet Kepler-18 c orbits around the star Kepler-18 every 7.6 days with its orbital distance of 0.08 AU ( 11249759.9 km)
  • (Projected orbit of Kepler-18 c around its host star Kepler-18)


  • The Star Kepler-18 's habitable zone is located at the following distance
  • Inner Boundary (the orbital distance at Venus's Equivalent Radiation ) : 0.592 AU ( 88555851.9 km)
  • Earth Boundary (the orbital distance at Earth's Equivalent Radiation) : 0.818 AU ( 122407329.7 km)
  • Outer Boundary (the orbital distance at Mars's Equivalent Radiation) : 1.247 AU ( 186521681.8 km)
  • Snow Line (the orbital distance at Snow Line Equivalent Radiation) : 1.835 AU ( 274474825.8 km)
  • Radiation at Planetary Boundary of Kepler-18 c : 161915.13 W/m2

    (Habitable zone calculated based on SEAU(Solar Equivalent Astronomical Unit) around the star Kepler-18)



  • Kopparapu Recent Venus for Star Kepler-18 distance : 0.626 AU
  • Kopparapu Runaway Greenhouse for Earth-sized planet for Star Kepler-18 distance : 0.792 AU
  • Kopparapu Runaway Greenhouse for Super-Earth-sized planet for Star Kepler-18 distance : 0.765 AU
  • Kopparapu Runaway Greenhouse for Mars-sized planet for Star Kepler-18 distance : 0.839 AU
  • Kopparapu Outer Boundary for Maximum Greenhouse for Star Kepler-18 distance : 1.413 AU
  • Kopparapu Outer Boundary for Early Mars for Star Kepler-18 distance : 1.491 AU

    (Habitable zone calculated based on Kopparapu et al.(2013) around the star Kepler-18)



  • Original Kopparapu Recent Venus for Star Kepler-18 distance : 0.623 AU
  • Original Kopparapu Runaway Greenhouse for Star Kepler-18 distance : 0.815 AU
  • Original Kopparapu Moist Greenhouse for Star Kepler-18 distance : 0.824 AU
  • Original Kopparapu Outer Boundary for Maximum Greenhouse for Star Kepler-18 distance : 1.438 AU
  • Original Kopparapu Outer Boundary for Early Mars for Star Kepler-18 distance : 1.495 AU

    (Habitable zone calculated based on Kopparapu et al.(Original) around the star Kepler-18)



    (Position in Stellar Map of star Kepler-18 and its Exoplanet Kepler-18 c)



    (Zoomed position in Stellar Map of star Kepler-18 and its Exoplanet Kepler-18 c (zoom level 3))

    (Synthetic Spectrum of star Kepler-18*)
    *Yamashiki YA et al. 2019 ApJ 881 114
    MUSCLES Paper I - France et al. 2016 ApJ 820 89
    MUSCLES Paper II- Youngblood et al. 2016 ApJ 824 101
    MUSCLES Paper III- Loyd et al. 2016 ApJ 824 102